Skip to main content

Comparative analysis of Paillier and BFV cryptosystems for building an electronic voting system

2026, vol.18 , no.2, pp. 83-94

Article [2026-02-08]

Authors
Jalal Alizadeh
Ali Huseynli
Abstract

This study presents a comparative performance evaluation of the Paillier and BFV homomorphic encryption schemes applied to a simplified voting model using one-hot encoded ballots. The experimental setup involved a Python-based implementation of both schemes: a custom implementation of Paillier and the TenSEAL library for BFV. Key performance metrics, including encryption time, homomorphic aggregation time, decryption time, and ciphertext size, were measured across varying voter counts (1,000 to 10,000). Results demonstrate that Paillier has significantly lower aggregation time, while BFV achieves substantially lower encryption and decryption latency, especially under non-batching conditions. However, BFV offers stronger theoretical security guarantees under standard lattice assumptions.

Keywords

homomorphic encryption, electronic voting, Paillier, BFV, performance comparison

DOI

https://doi.org/10.59035/COCC2220

Download full article

Citation of this article:

Jalal Alizadeh, Ali Huseynli. Comparative analysis of Paillier and BFV cryptosystems for building an electronic voting system. International Journal on Information Technologies and Security, vol.18 , no.2, 2026, pp. 83-94. https://doi.org/10.59035/COCC2220